High-Level Project Summary
the module is capable of self-management, adapting to the conditions in the space. This project arises from the need to automate the processes of artisanal cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus in the country and provide the possibility of using Industry 4.0 technologies related to precision cultivation at low cost and adapted to specific local needs; In this sense, a module for the acquisition, transmission and control of agro-meteorological variables, ease of automation and implementation costs, controls determining variables for monitoring the cultivation process of Pleurotus ostreatus (T°,relative humidity relative, ambient light and ventilation)
Link to Project "Demo"
Link to Final Project
Detailed Project Description
The module is designed to grow mushrooms, the importance of mushrooms in human nutrition lies in their dietary value (low in carbohydrates and fats), significant protein content (20-40% of dry weight), and vitamins, which places them above most vegetables, fruits, and greens. Additionally, they turn out to be delicious complements in meals due to their organoleptic properties, we focus on producing more in less space by using levels within a metal frame which is covered by a waterproof cover to avoid loss of water, avoid sudden changes in temperature or external agents.
The electrical system that controls and monitors the optimal temperature and humidity variations for the development of fungi is made up of an Arduino nano, DTH22 sensor, micro SD module, Bluetooth module, clock module, one channel relay module, LSD screen, fan, De module. Co2 sensor, 5-volt power supply. programmed in Arduino 1.8 the irrigation system has two measures of reducing hoses unions and greenhouse nebulizer and a 12-volt solenoid valve, the reduction of space to grow is the best attribute of our project to be able to grow between 20 to 25 kilos of mushrooms in 20 days.
We hope to take a payload of 100 prepared and processed substrates ready to be grown and turned into protein for astronauts saving energy and water and generating an organic food free of preservatives.
The module performance tests were carried out on a crop of Pleurotus ostreatus or oyster mushroom, an edible fungus rich in protein, which uses waste from agricultural activities in the region as a substrate.
The values referred to the proximal composition show 30% crude protein, 1% fat, 50% carbohydrates, 7% ashes, and 11% crude fiber in 100 grams of flour of the fruiting bodies of the fungus ( Table 1).
The module is designed to be located inside a home. Automated cultivation produces mushrooms in a shorter time than traditional cultivation; showing a clear saving in production time (from 18 - 22 days after sowing), and the water-saving was significant since the module performs nebulization irrigation, likewise, it can be adapted to different conditions; This characteristic provides an advantage with respect to the geographical barriers that were had to cultivate native species of a certain region.
The materials to be used for our functional prototype start from a 1.5-millimeter square tube metal structure with a height of 180cm and a width of 80cm, two waterproof covers (black and transparent color) for the cultivation phases, with a saw on the side. The electrical system formed by Arduino nano, a DTH22 sensor, micro SD module, Bluetooth module, clock module, one
channel relay module, LSD screen, a fan, Co2 Sensor Module, 5-volt power source that is programmed in Arduino 1.8 the irrigation system has two measures of reducing hoses unions as well as a greenhouse nebulizer and a 12-volt solenoid valve, store and report the following variables: humidity and temperature.
This culture will allow a series production, taking into account that a person in physical presence is not needed to monitor and maintain the process. This technological development will allow to bring Industry 4.0 technologies to the field and thus turn the astronauts' trip into a fun experience in being able to consume this type of mushroom in different ways that have more proteins compared to guinea pig meat which has more protein today and many other vegetables. That is, the Pleurotus ostreatus fungus has a considerable contribution of total protein (30.49%), it also has a good amino acid profile, since it has all the essential amino acids isoleucine, leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, histidine, and threonine, but it is limiting in valine, which makes a complementary food for cereals and legumes for the trip before, during and after the astronauts
Space Agency Data
First, the document called "Veggie" was read, this helped us to complement our system taking into account the characteristics it has, such as how important it is to use the supplied water efficiently, the nutritional value that must be high, the amount of energy to use this (70 watts). Likewise, Ecosfera also supports the potential for psychological benefits for astronauts, since the fungus "Pleurotus Ostreatus", can be consumed in a solid-state, it can be cooked or heated in some device such as a microwave or steam, for its consumption, in addition, it can dry out and reduce its size so that the astronaut consumes it in a single voice, in that way prevents crumbs from spreading through the spacecraft or vents and supplements the astronaut's diet. Veggie allows the availability of harvesting different vegetables (8 types of green leafy vegetables) that astronauts can consume, in addition, since veggie can glue the seeds into wicks with guar gum, it was impelled to use substrate presented by agro-industrial waste, a compound that is an extract from the agronomy industry.
The automatic cultivation module will maintain humidity and can be watered with water injections like Veggie does or by flexible tubes in a closed module.
The article on "Advanced Plant Habitat" also helped us a lot since it helped us when choosing the sensors and their distribution.
The infographic for "Astronaut Food - What do space explorers eat?" It helped us to identify the recommended product, as well as important aspects of it such as taste, nutrition, that it is compact, lightweight, stable, and does not crumble.
It is of utmost importance that the module offered by ECOSFERA is automated and both infographics provided by NASA allowed us to think about alternative energy sources, data acquisition, and irrigation such as the acquisition of oxygen within the module.
The APH motivated our data collection system to be in real-time, acquiring information from sensors such as temperature, the growth of fungi, and if it is time to harvest them for the acquisition of the astronauts. and that the next version of “Ecosfera” is the implementation of a camera and led lights to optimize growth time. Thanks to “The Advanced Plant Habit”, Ecosfera will begin in the investigation of implementing sensors such as a growth chamber (GC), air filter (AFA), Interior GN2 Regulation. It is not necessary to implement a water reservoir in the interior such as an ISIS fluid drawer (FID), because the module offered by ECOSFERA does not need large amounts of liters of water, it saves 10 liters of water in 2 months, In addition, in the same module, there is an automatic gift system that the water in the base, is still used in the cultivation of mushrooms.
Hackathon Journey
Stheven - “A great experience to learn more about space, NASA and everything that space travel entails. Likewise, the experience and advice of the mentors helped us to shape our project. "
Gustavo - “The experience before, during and at the end of the Hackathon is very enriching that despite working as a remote team, we were able to solve the problems, with communication and advisors to promote an environmental impact project on earth as well as for the astronauts, happy to be part of the power of 10 and of ECOSFERA ”.
Diana - "AMAZING, the fact of imagining and co-creating the project in a spatial context took us out of our comfort zone, working the vision of ECOSFERA in a multidisciplinary way".
Willians - "From the beginning of our research in the area of mycology we always dreamed of taking our experiences to different parts of the world with the help of NASA we would be closer to fulfilling our dreams".
References
References
Holgado M. CULTIVO DE Pleurotus sp. Y Lentinula edodes BAJO CONDICIONES ARTESANALES EN COMUNIDADES CAMPESINAS DE LA REGIÓN CUSCO / PERÚ. Lima, Perú 2019. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.org.pe/pdf/ecol/v18n2/a03v18n2.pdf
Holgado, M. (04 de diciembre de 2012). Vicerrectorado de Investigación UNSAAC. CENTER FOR RESEARCH AND PRODUCTION OF FOOD AND MEDICINAL FUNGI - CIPHAM. http://vrin.unsaac.edu.pe/investigacion/ci-investigacion/11/centro-de-investigacion-y-produccion-de-hongos-alimenticios-y-medicinales--cipham.html
NASAfacts. (2021). Veggie [Magazing]. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/veggie_fact_sheet_508.pdf
NASAfacts. (2021). Advanced Plant Habitat [Magazing]. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/advanced-plant-habitat.pdf
Talleri, A (15 de Julio del 2021). Productividad del hongo comestible Pleurotus ostreatus en sustrato de café y determinación del valor nutricional. Recuperado el 02 de Octubre del 2021 de: Productividad del hongo comestible Pleurotus ostreatus en sustrato de café y determinación del valor nutricional (upch.edu.pe)
Desprez LM, Robin C, Buée M, Courtecuisse R, Garbaye J, Suffert F, Sache I, Rizzo DM, Rizzo M. The fungal dimension of biological invasions. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 2007; 22(9): 472-480. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169534707001322.
Holgado RME, Aranzabal CRL, Lazarte LR, Quispe AP, Pérez L K, Aguilar MF, et al . Cultivo de Pleurotus sp. y Lentinula edodes bajo condiciones artesanales en comunidades campesinas de la Región Cusco / Perú. Ecología aplicada. 2019; 18( 2 ): 125-132. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.org.pe/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1726221620190002 00003&lng=es.
Mendoza H, Juscamaita J, Quipuzco L. Análisis de la producción del hongo comestible Pleurotus ostreatus obtenida a partir de los subproductos de la etapa de despulpado del café. Agroindustrial science. 2019; 9(2): Disponible en: https://revistas.unitru.edu.pe/index.php/agroindscience/article/view/2709/3033
Rajarathnam S, Bano Z, Philip G. Miles. Pleurotus mushrooms. Part I A. morphology, life cycle, taxonomy, breeding, and cultivatioN. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 2009; 26(2): 157-223. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408398709527465
Wang D, Sakoda A, Suzuki M. Biological efficiency and nutritional value of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivate don spend beer grain. Bioresource Technology. 2001; (78): 293 - 300. Doi 0.1016/S0960-8524(01)00002-5.
Tags
#ECOSFERA #hongos #cusco #science #automation #protein #sustainable
Global Judging
This project has been submitted for consideration during the Judging process.