High-Level Project Summary
our solution has achieved the design requirements with local materials which exist in the natural environment and do not have any emissions greenhouse gases. We've discovered a new balloon creation design that will help balloons change size due to weather conditions without affecting their height. The surface area of the polyethylene balloon material will be large enough to withstand the low pressure and high temperature in the stratosphere. But when the balloons are in normal condition, the surplus will be folded in the same shape as its design. The balloon will fly at the minimum size of the balloon as its entrance will be folded and its size will be controlled by weather conditions.
Link to Project "Demo"
Link to Final Project
Detailed Project Description
High-altitude balloons are crewed or uncrewed balloons, usually filled with helium or hydrogen, that are released into the stratosphere, generally attaining between 18 and 37 km (11 and 23 mi; 59,000 and 121,000 ft) above sea level. In 2002, a balloon named BU60-1 reached a record altitude of 53.0 km (32.9 mi; 173,900 ft). the idea of a balloon is one of the applications of Archimedes' law. Archimedes’ principle is also applied to the working of hot air balloons. The balloon rises in the air when the weight of the air surrounding the balloon is greater than its weight, whereas if the weight of the balloon is greater,
it will start descending. When the weight of the surrounding air and hot air balloon is equal, it becomes stationary. The density between the air and the balloon is controlled by varying the amount of hot air in the balloon.
Fb=ρgV
Where Fb is the buoyant force acting on the body, ρ is the density of the fluid, g is the acceleration due to gravity, V is the volume of the displaced fluid.
The above expression shows that the buoyant force is directly proportional to the density of the fluid, acceleration due to gravity, and the volume of the fluid displaced by the body. If two objects of equal masses are submerged in the fluid, then the object having greater volume will experience a greater buoyant force. But there is a problem is If the balloon is fully inflated to the ground, the gas will need to be vented (zero pressure balloons) and wasted as it expands. In the case of high-pressure balloons (the closed system), the excess gas exerts excessive pressure on the skin and can eventually cause it to rupture. A balloon fully inflated to the ground will have a very large lifting force. Technically, a space balloon would not fly in space, as most of Earth's space boundary begins at the Karman Line, which is about 62 miles (100 kilometers) above sea level. However, a height of 40 kilometers above the Earth's surface means that the sky will be almost as dark as the darkness of night, and the curvature of the Earth will be visible. As for the atmospheric pressure, it will reach 500 degrees of pressure in the seas, while the air level will be 300 times thinner. At these altitudes above all the protective layers of the atmosphere, the levels of ultraviolet radiation and cosmic radiation are much farther than what is present on Earth. This would constitute a suitable site for conducting scientific experiments in space.
As it is known, atmospheric conditions of the stratosphere are the suitable ones for flight for high altitude balloons. Based on decreasing pressure within this layer, atmospheric pressure on balloons decreases so their volume will increase. and somewhere in this layer temperature decreases then spaces between helium gas will decrease and its volume will decrease, and density increases finally its altitude will be reduced. Therefore, balloons design must be flexible enough to hold these situations. We discovered a new design for balloons creation which will help balloons to change their volume due to atmospheric conditions without affecting their altitude. The surface area of Polyethylene balloon material will be large enough to hold the low pressure and high temperature in the stratosphere. But, when balloons are in normal condition, the excess will be folded up in the same shape of its design. The balloon will fly with the minimum volume of balloons as the access of it will be folded up and the atmospheric conditions that will control its volume. And this will not cost anything just for the excess amount from balloon material.
Finally, to launch a balloon you must go on some tips like:
1-Take license from governmental organizations like National Weather Service, Scientific Research Organization, and Human Rights Organization.
2- know the properties of the environment that will effect on lunching balloon-like in our solution we used a Closed parachute contains helium gas which is less dense than air so helium balloons rise. Helium is special gas called Nobel gas which means it doesn't burn. When a balloon is filled with helium it is volume increase from 25ft to 85 ft. It is radius also will increase from 8ft to 32ft. Closed parachute or balloon made from polyethylene and rich to a very high altitude.
3-using the high-altitude balloon-based sensor system as it is used to determine the landing zone of a high amplitude balloon. it had withstood the severe environment of the near space during the day and night, providing accurate temperature measurement, real-time altitude position and attitude data acquisition, reliable current monitoring, and comprehensive video surveillance.
4- Know the minimal components needed for a balloon-like: Balloon, Helium, Nylon string, closed parachute, and basket.
Space Agency Data
1-near-space near you YouTube video(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TdomWPu8cvg):
we knew clearer information about the chosen challenge, the importance of balloons in the scientific medium, what environmental factors affect the flighting of balloons and used it in our recommendations, how physics was used to determine the size, weight, and overall design for balloons, and its requirements. 2-scientific balloons(https://www.nasa.gov/scientificballoons):
known how do balloons fly, How fast does the balloon go after launch until it reaches float altitude to be considered during determining balloons design and materials, What are the highest and lowest altitudes the NASA balloons fly to knowing factors affecting their pathway, types of ballooning: Conventional Ballooning, Long Duration Ballooning, and Ultra Long Duration Ballooning (ULDB), and types of balloons: zero-pressure balloons and super pressure balloons and we chose the suitable one which is super balloons.
Hackathon Journey
In 2020 we knew about the NASA competition, but we did not participate because we were afraid of difficulties, and we say that we couldn't make any achievements. But when 2 teams from our school had qualified, we said that it was not impossible. Our real journey starts in 2021. Team members are Salma, Salma, Aliaa, Nour, and Ayat. each one joins this challenge to achieve a big goal. we start searching for ideas to make our project special. after that, we completed all details related to the project. NASA challenge gives us a new experience in solve problems. It also teaches us that Competition is cooperating, creative, teamwork, and communications. We do a trial in a new vision to develop space-traveling ways. Finally, we want to say that the NASA challenge real effect on our personality and made us as small astronauts.
References
HI- float
5 oz hi-float ultra kit. LA Balloons. (n.d.). Retrieved October 2, 2021, from https://laballoons.com/products/5-oz-hi-float-ultra.
polyethylene
1- Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. (2019, November 15). Polyethylene. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved October 2, 2021, from https://www.britannica.com/science/polyethylene.
2- Plastics the facts 2017 final for website one page. Plastics – the Facts 2017. (2017). Retrieved October 2, 2021, from https://www.plasticseurope.org/application/files/5715/1717/4180/Plastics_the_facts_2017_FINAL_for_website_one_page.pdf.
Helium gas
Water treatment solutions. Lenntech Water treatment & purification. (n.d.). Retrieved October 2, 2021, from https://www.lenntech.com/periodic/elements/he.htm.
Pressure control valve
1- Scribd. (n.d.). Control - pressure control valve. Scribd. Retrieved October 2, 2021, from https://www.scribd.com/document/470337500/control-pressure-control-valve.
2- YouTube. (2020). Pressure Reducing Valves - Pressure Regulator. Retrieved October 2, 2021, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DvWYIV0qWOQ.
Gas and hot air balloons
1- Public Broadcasting Service. (2000, October). Nova online | balloon race around the world | history of ballooning (2). PBS. Retrieved October 2, 2021, from https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/balloon/science/history2.html.
2- History of Gas Ballooning. Gas balloons history. (n.d.). Retrieved October 2, 2021, from https://balloonfiesta.com/Gas-Balloons-History.
3- Harris, T. (2021, September 15). How hot air balloons work. HowStuffWorks Science. Retrieved October 2, 2021, from https://science.howstuffworks.com/transport/flight/modern/hot-air-balloon.htm.
4- Scientific American. (1999, March 29). Balloon evolution. Scientific American. Retrieved October 2, 2021, from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/balloon-evolution/.
5- Geoengineers inch closer to Sun-Dimming Balloon Test. Science. (n.d.). Retrieved October 2, 2021, from https://www.science.org/news/2020/12/geoengineers-inch-closer-sun-dimming-balloon-test.
6- Baginski, F., Chen, Q., & Waldman, I. (2001, September 27). Designing the shape of a large scientific balloon. Applied Mathematical Modelling. Retrieved October 2, 2021, from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0307904X01000245.
7- NASA. (n.d.). Bouyancy: Archimedes Principle. NASA. Retrieved October 2, 2021, from https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/WindTunnel/Activities/buoy_Archimedes.html.
Tags
#OSLO #HI-FLOAT #BOUNCY #POLYETHELENE #FOLDED ON
Global Judging
This project has been submitted for consideration during the Judging process.