NASA & Social sciences (Law)

https://www.dropbox.com/s/tkbtwvq34murscl/20211003_174708%20-%20Sashka%20Mamuchevska.mp4?dl=0

https://www.dropbox.com/s/of9i1psoxmdwt5z/Project%20Submission%20-%20NASA%20and%20Social%20Sciences_Law.docx?dl=0

This project is developed by the team "NASA & Social Sciences (Law)" in order to address solution for the challenge "Ontologies and Interactive Network Visualizations". This team is “One Lady Show”, consisting of only one member, which holds degree in Ph.D. in Business Law, has basic knowledge of the programming language Python and loves Mathematics.

The aim of the project is to (1) create an ontology to integrate descriptions of several NASA data sets and (2) develop an interactive network visualization to depict relationships among those sets, in order to be beneficial for the private and legal persons facing a legal problem, governmental bodies and international agencies supporting development in different countries.

Having in mind that NASA is committed to advancing scientific discovery through the promotion of interdisciplinary and collaborative sciences[1], there are available several data sets that could be used as a valuable source in the area of social sciences, particularly in the area of Law. For that purpose, were used NASA data sets (data.nasa.gov and data.gov), data sets from U.S. federal agencies (Department of Justice, Department of Commerce, Small Business Administration and Agency for International Development) as well as and other open sources (Open Government Portal, Canada).

On the sources with metadata sets (data.nasa.gov, data.gov and Open Government Portal, Canada) the keyword “Law” was used and were found 138, 3988 and 775 results, respectively. The data sets on the abovementioned U.S. federal agencies were coded, so due to my lack of technical skills, I could not open and check these resources. Unfortunately, I didn’t comply the request to identify complementary data sets and to create an ontology or a master JSON structure for integrating disparate data set descriptions, and later to visualize the ontology or integrates JSON data as an interactive network.

Although, I didn’t manage to fulfill the required request, I believe that my project idea is valuable and could be a solid ground for the Office of Strategic Analysis and Communications at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) and Nasa’s Headquartered Mission Directorate Space Technology[2] to develop new ways to solve problems and to present solutions on the benefit of the social sciences, especially the law, while also benefiting America's economy.

Namely, creating of a developed data structure will be used to train Artificial Intelligence models that could be useful for:

-      Prediction the charges according to the fact description in the law documents;

-      Predicting the relevant articles according to the fact description in the law documents;

-      Predicting the term of penalty according to the fact description in the law documents (in criminal cases);

-      Predicting the different possible solutions for the given legal case and analyze of each proposed solution according to the experience from other cases or court (judicial) decisions;

-      Predicting possible level of corruption in the court decisions based on the court decision in previous same or similar case-law decisions;

-      Predicting the level of needed support from the international development agencies according to trends of court-cases (eg. which articles/laws are often named as a ground for dispute and initiating a case; in which countries and topic areas is needed most support for the rule of law and the fight against corruption);

-      Predicting which funding programs will be mostly suitable for Small and Medium Enterprises to support the development of their skills in order to avoid appearance of legal disputes according to the experience from other cases or court (judicial) decisions.

The developed AI models can help:                                                         

-      to the legal scholars and professors to have broad overview and compare the tendencies in the development of the legal profession;

-      to help the governments and other stakeholders to develop and propose proper laws, having in mind the influences[3] that Policy and Law can have;

-      to increase the level of trust in the judicial decisions;

-      to support the companies and physical persons to predict the outcome of their legal disputes and to prevent them in entering time and cost consuming legal procedures;

-      to support the judges to judge more objectively;

-      to support the mediators and arbitrators to bring creative solutions that will be legally justified and in best interest for the involved parties;

-      to support the international development agencies in providing certain type of help that will be really demanded and necessary in the future;

-      to support the SMEs to find out which type of funding support and programmes will be mostly useful for them in order to increase their capacities and avoid possible legal disputes.

The need for increasing the use of the AI in the Law and increasing the funding in order to support those processes is already recognized by NASA.[4] Also, it is proposed in the team working on those processes to be involved and non-scientists and ammeters in the research.[5]

If I would be supported to identify complementary data sets, then I would identify the categories, the upload sources and the keywords to be used in order to make visualization of the datasets as in the given example[6]. For instance, as one of the categories, I would propose Appeals Filed, the upload sources will be defined according the the body that is filling the Appeal (Federal Government, City Government, State Government, University, Country Government, etc), and as keywords I would propose location, criminals, punishment in money, accusation, relevant articles, term of imprisonment (death penalty, life penalty and imprisonment), etc. From the available NASA Application Programming Interfaces (APIs), in my opinion, as suitable for this project would be the GeneLab Public API because its full-text search, and data and metadata retrieval capabilities.[7]

Further work on this project idea and fulfilling the request of the challenge, will bring significant Local Impact for my country, but also for other countries. Namely, developing of data structure, will facilitate the access to highly broad information in the Law Science and Practice; will help for different stakeholders to find appropriate solutions on their pending legal questions to predict the future actions or to find examples in the international practice that could serve as valuable examples for new ideas; to propose and prepare legislation that will support or initiate the future developments in the society and to develop appropriate international development funding programmes as support for the future development trends in the countries. Also, could serve as a solid ground for further development of such a data structure on national level, comprised with data sets from the national case-law and other practice.

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2NYYYUG-zMc&list=PL37Yhb2zout05pUjr7OoRFpTNroq_wd9f&index=2

[2] Dr. Daniel O'Neil, the creator of the addressed challenge is strategic analyst in MSFC. https://www.nasa.gov/centers/hq/home/index.html

[3] https://www.nasa.gov/consortium/PolicyandLawInfluences

[4] https://www.nitrd.gov/pubs/National-AI-RD-Strategy-2019.pdf

[5] https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/20210015171

[6] https://data.nasa.gov/data_visualizations.html

[7] https://api.nasa.gov/

NASA data sets (data.nasa.gov, data.gov), data sets from U.S. federal agencies (Department of Justice, Department of Commerce, Small Business Administration and Agency for International Development) and other open sources (Open Government Portal, Canada).

My first impressions from the Space Apps experience are fun, excitement, new information and new approach for working on my desire how to match the Artificial Intelligence and the Law. I took the possibility to communicate with the global mentors and creator of the addressed challenge, who have enlighten me with new links and available information regarding my desired job AI & Law. Also, I took the opportunity to claim offers from several Global Collaborators (GoDaddy Registry, Tableau, Adobe XD and IBM).

In the last years, I regularly follow the NASA Space Apps Challenges, but never before thought to register for a particular challenge. The idea for participation on this Challenge, I got few days ago during the listening of the CareerTalk: GIRLS in Space and Science – Pre-event of the NASA Space Apps Challenge, and therefore would like to thank the local organizations for organizing especially this pre-event.

Unfortunately, I was alone in my team and have not skills in ontology and data visualization, but thanks to the resources provided for this Challenge, many new ideas are born inside me regarding my desired job - application of the AI in Law.

I would like to thank to my sister, because she always believes in me and supports me to follow my dreams, especially in exploring new research areas in the Law.

All the Resources proposed for this Challenge and the generous information provided by the local partners - organizators of the NASA Challenge.

List of References:

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2NYYYUG-zMc&list=PL37Yhb2zout05pUjr7OoRFpTNroq_wd9f&index=2

[2] https://www.nasa.gov/centers/hq/home/index.html

[3] https://www.nasa.gov/consortium/PolicyandLawInfluences

[4] https://www.nitrd.gov/pubs/National-AI-RD-Strategy-2019.pdf

[5] https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/20210015171

[6] https://data.nasa.gov/data_visualizations.html

[7] https://api.nasa.gov/

#AI, #Law, #AIinLaw, #BusinessLaw, #dataset, #prediction, #NASA, #MSFC, #SpaceTechnology, #challenge, #Ontologies, #InteractiveNetworkVisualizations

This project has been submitted for consideration during the Judging process.